An estimated 20 million people across the US suffer from some form of neuropathy, also known as peripheral neuropathy. Symptoms for the condition will vary depending on which of the three nerve types have been damaged – motor, sensory or autonomic nerves. According to The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, the prognostic outlook can be gauged by understanding which of the more than 100 types of peripheral neuropathy a patient has. It could stem from diabetes, metabolic issues, traumatic injuries, chemotherapy or other toxins, genetics, or other causes. As such, finding the cause is essential in forging an effective treatment path.
The Causes
If, for example, diabetes is the culprit, a good place to start would be making lifestyle changes, including eating healthy, exercising regularly, and quitting smoking or alcohol. In the case of a vitamin B12 deficiency, the doctor will prescribe supplements. For compression-related neuropathy causes such as a herniated disc, nerve entrapment disorder, or carpal tunnel syndrome, surgery is available. A few patients will receive steroids, immunosuppressants, or immunoglobin injections for rarer forms of peripheral neuropathy. However, it is not always the case that an underlying cause is found.
If the underlying cause can’t be found or treated, treatment aims to control and manage the symptoms while preventing further nerve damage. This can include physiotherapy, which aims to increase your strength, balance, and motion range. Mechanical aids such as a brace, cast, or special shoes can provide support, thus reducing pain and keeping the nerves aligned.
The Treatment Options
Your doctor will also prescribe medication to address nerve pain, as typical over-the-counter pain medication is usually ineffective against neuropathic pain. You will likely receive a minimum dosage that will be gradually increased until you get to a comfortable level. This is because higher doses will likely cause more side effects. Amitriptyline, duloxetine, pregabalin, and gabapentin are some neuropathic pain medications you may encounter. Some of these are also used to treat other conditions such as depression, epilepsy, headaches, or anxiety.
Your long-term prognosis is determined by the cause of neuropathy. If the underlying cause is curable, the spread of neuropathy can be stopped or mitigated. Otherwise, the goal is to manage the symptoms for a better quality of life. For more information, kindly reach out to us.
